{"id":5910,"date":"2025-11-08T13:51:57","date_gmt":"2025-11-08T13:51:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thelivesmedia.com\/chuong-2-y-thuc-va-vat-chat-mot-moi-quan-he-hai-chieu\/"},"modified":"2026-01-12T02:18:09","modified_gmt":"2026-01-12T02:18:09","slug":"chuong-2-y-thuc-va-vat-chat-mot-moi-quan-he-hai-chieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thelivesmedia.com\/vi\/chuong-2-y-thuc-va-vat-chat-mot-moi-quan-he-hai-chieu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dd TH\u1ee8C V\u00c0 V\u1eacT CH\u1ea4T – M\u1ed8T M\u1ed0I QUAN H\u1ec6 HAI CHI\u1ec0U"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Sau khi Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 khoa h\u1ecdc, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2<\/strong> b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hai th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t, th\u00ec m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch “V\u0168 TR\u1ee4 B\u00caN NGO\u00c0I BIG BANG”<\/strong>, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1ea5t Nguy\u00ean Lu\u1eadn th\u00f4ng qua \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 “n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc”. T\u1eeb hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng gi\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129 l\u00e0m gi\u01a1 c\u00e1nh tay, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c hai chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc to\u00e0n v\u0103n n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2<\/strong> d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n

* \u00a0* \u00a0*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Aiden Lee<\/strong>,\u00a0S\u00e1ng l\u1eadp vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a THE LIVES MEDIA<\/em><\/p>\n\n

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Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2: \u00dd TH\u1ee8C V\u00c0 V\u1eacT CH\u1ea4T – M\u1ed8T M\u1ed0I QUAN H\u1ec6 HAI CHI\u1ec0U<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1. H\u01a1i N\u01b0\u1edbc, N\u01b0\u1edbc L\u1ecfng, v\u00e0 B\u0103ng \u0110\u00e1: Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1ea5t Nguy\u00ean Lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf r\u00eca t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t la b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1. \u0110i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e3 len l\u1ecfi qua c\u1ea3 hai n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 T\u00e2y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1ea5t Nguy\u00ean Lu\u1eadn (Monism).<\/p>\n\n

Nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nh\u01b0ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb: v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, d\u00f9 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau \u2013 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4 tri \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129 tho\u00e1ng qua, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean h\u00e0 xa x\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m x\u00fac s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m \u2013 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 duy nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n

Theo \u0111\u00f3, \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hai th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 “ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3” v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 “kh\u00e1ch th\u1ec3” nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u nhau. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta u\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n. Khi b\u1ecb \u0111un n\u00f3ng, n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, lan t\u1ecfa trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. Khi b\u1ecb l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1 r\u1eafn ch\u1eafc, c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n

H\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ecfng, v\u00e0 b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1. Ba tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ai nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t: H\u2082O.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1ea5t Nguy\u00ean Lu\u1eadn g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i “b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1” c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i? N\u00f3 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5, h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o, \u00fd th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i “h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc” c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i? N\u00f3 vi t\u1ebf, lan t\u1ecfa, v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean “c\u00e1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1i n\u00e0o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i n\u00e0o?” b\u1ed7ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecfi “h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1, c\u00e1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc?”. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 g\u1ed1c, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n

\u1ede ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, tri\u1ebft gia Baruch Spinoza \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t “Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3” (Substance) duy nh\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 “t\u01b0 duy” (\u00fd th\u1ee9c) v\u00e0 “qu\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh” (v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t) \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u1ede ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng, L\u00e3o T\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 “\u0110\u1ea1o” \u2013 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi t\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c sinh ra v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ngay trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ee9c Kinh<\/em>, L\u00e3o T\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: “V\u00f4 danh thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba chi th\u1ee7y; H\u1eefu danh v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt chi m\u1eabu.” Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: “C\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng t\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t; C\u00e1i c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt.”<\/p>\n\n

\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng “V\u00f4 danh” \u2013 c\u00e1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y, v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh \u2013 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c cho t\u1ea7ng \u00dd Ni\u1ec7m, cho tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i “h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc” c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i? V\u00e0 “H\u1eefu danh” \u2013 khi v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean, c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u2013 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 “ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5”, l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i “b\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1”? L\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111ang m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u0169 tr\u1ee5: t\u1eeb c\u00e1i Kh\u00f4ng-T\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i C\u00f3-T\u00ean, t\u1eeb \u00dd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn V\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n

Khi ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f2n t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o h\u01a1n: N\u1ebfu \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9, li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh “chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a” gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n

N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n

\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay. N\u00f3 d\u1eabn ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra ngay trong ch\u00ednh c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. <\/p>\n\n

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2. D\u1ea5u Ch\u00e2n C\u1ee7a \u00dd Ni\u1ec7m Tr\u00ean Th\u00e2n Th\u1ec3<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

N\u1ebfu \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, th\u00ec m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh. V\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c, ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd, m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 qu\u00e1 quen thu\u1ed9c, ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n

H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t. Ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y th\u1eed ngh\u0129: “T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n gi\u01a1 tay ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean”. G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u00fd ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p di\u1ec5n ra. M\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t \u0111i t\u1eeb n\u00e3o b\u1ed9, truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1c d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1eafp \u1edf c\u00e1nh tay, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang co l\u1ea1i theo m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh tay c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u2013 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, tu\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 di chuy\u1ec3n theo \u0111\u00fang \u00fd mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129, m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, phi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n suy ngh\u0129. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. “\u00dd mu\u1ed1n” \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng”. \u00dd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ra l\u1ec7nh cho v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n

H\u00e3y \u0111i s\u00e2u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0, c\u00e1c yogi, hay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp kh\u00ed c\u00f4ng l\u00e2u n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm nh\u1ecbp tim, h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p huy\u1ebft \u00e1p, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eebng cho l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3. “\u00dd \u0111\u1ecbnh” t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i “ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng sinh l\u00fd”.<\/p>\n\n

\u0110i xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi b\u1ea1n vui v\u1ebb, bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3, hay t\u1eadp trung suy ngh\u0129, n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t ra nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i s\u00f3ng n\u00e3o (alpha, beta, theta, delta) c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u1eefng s\u00f3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00f3 th\u1eadt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ed3 (EEG). M\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tinh th\u1ea7n, m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a” th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n: hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng gi\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1ee3c (placebo effect). M\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a cho m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3m \u0111au c\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh. Sau khi u\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng c\u01a1n \u0111au c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u00ean gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u2013 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1eadt b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. H\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n sinh ra endorphin, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i “thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3m \u0111au” t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb. \u00dd th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i “b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt” sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i “kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh”.<\/p>\n\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o g\u01b0\u01a1ng. Minh tri\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u “t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m sinh<\/em>“, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u00e2m t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n vui v\u1ebb, l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n, bao dung th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec1n h\u00f2a, ph\u00fac h\u1eadu. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay cau c\u00f3, s\u00e2n h\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5, theo th\u1eddi gian, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd h\u1eb1n l\u00ean khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng n\u1ebfp nh\u0103n, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ea t\u00edn. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u00fd th\u1ee9c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 co gi\u00e3n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m c\u01a1 nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n m\u00e1u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft t\u1ed1, v\u00e0 qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u00e1ng, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1c n\u00ean dung m\u1ea1o v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u01a1 tay \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i dung m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, chu\u1ed7i b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng. \u00dd th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean c\u1ed7 xe c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe, c\u1ea7m c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in h\u1eb1n l\u00ean v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1i c\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n

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3. Ti\u1ebfng V\u1ecdng C\u1ee7a C\u1ed7 M\u00e1y: Khi V\u1eadt Ch\u1ea5t L\u00ean Ti\u1ebfng<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c \u00fd th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed1i quan-h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh hai chi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe t\u00e0i ba v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc xe, \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, trong c\u00f5i gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a “c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y” v\u1eadt l\u00fd m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111ang c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5: b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o v\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n

B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf c\u1ed3n trong m\u00e1u, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. M\u1ed9t t\u00e1ch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu \u0111i n\u1ed7i lo \u00e2u ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u01a1n tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch can thi\u1ec7p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n kinh trong n\u00e3o. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t (h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c (t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c).<\/p>\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u1edf n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. M\u1ed9t c\u00fa va \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng th\u00f9y tr\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u00f3ng n\u1ea3y, b\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng. M\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i u \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m tr\u00ed nh\u1edb. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n trong khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1ea7n kinh v\u1ec1 Phineas Gage, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t thanh s\u1eaft xuy\u00ean qua n\u00e3o v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t minh ch\u1ee9ng bi th\u1ea3m. \u00d4ng s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t sau tai n\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4 l\u1ed7, thi\u1ebfu ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c. “C\u1ed7 m\u00e1y” \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng, v\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe” d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f2n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n: s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c. C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u00ean phong nh\u01b0 Neuralink c\u1ee7a Elon Musk \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e3o-m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng con chip si\u00eau nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o n\u00e3o b\u1ed9. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e2n tay gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng suy ngh\u0129. \u0110\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 “\u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t”.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f2n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n th\u1ebf. H\u1ecd h\u00ecnh dung v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u01a1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o n\u00e3o, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. Khi \u0111\u00f3, ranh gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd b\u1ecb x\u00f3a nh\u00f2a. M\u1ed9t con chip v\u1eadt l\u00fd, m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0 tr\u00ed nh\u1edb, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0 duy. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1i c\u00e3i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u00fd th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang b\u1ed5 sung cho b\u1ee9c tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh. Ch\u00fang cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng trong khi \u00fd th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra l\u1ec7nh, th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1eafng nghe “ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng” t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u1eadt l\u00fd m\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n

M\u1ed1i quan-h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan-h\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb. N\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t v\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. \u00dd th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cho s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c. C\u1ea3 hai d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi nhau trong m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hay k\u1ebft th\u00fac r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n

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4. Ngh\u1ec7 S\u0129 V\u00e0 C\u00e2y \u0110\u00e0n Piano: M\u1ed9t H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e1c<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea7m thi\u00ean t\u00e0i \u0111ang bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n. \u00dd ch\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a anh tu\u00f4n ch\u1ea3y qua m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3n tay, l\u01b0\u1edbt tr\u00ean ph\u00edm \u0111\u00e0n, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u lay \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o duy nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f2n c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 anh bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a “\u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t”.<\/p>\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u1eady. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy lu\u1eadt ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 88 ph\u00edm \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 h\u00f2a \u00e2m nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 \u00e2m v\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t \u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, d\u00f9 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u01a1i trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng quy lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3. Anh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft m\u1ed9t ph\u00edm \u0110\u00f4 ph\u00e1t ra \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a n\u1ed1t La. V\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, n\u1ebfu c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng \u2014 n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t, m\u1ed9t ph\u00edm b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t \u2014 th\u00ec d\u00f9 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m trong \u0111\u1ea7u anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c ph\u00e1t ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 nghe. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a “v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd th\u1ee9c”.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n piano. \u1ea8n d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u01b0 duy nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean “c\u00e1i n\u00e0o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1i n\u00e0o”. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hai th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n, v\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nhau, m\u1ed7i b\u00ean mang theo nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ri\u00eang, v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng. \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c hay ho\u1eb7c d\u1edf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n. N\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u1ea3 hai.<\/p>\n\n

Trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng \u0111ang c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea3n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem \u00fd th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n. Ch\u00fang li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1eabn nhau trong m\u1ed9t v\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00f4 t\u1eadn. B\u1ee9c tranh n\u00e0y h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 suy lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n

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5. M\u1ed9t S\u1ef1 Kh\u1eb3ng \u0110\u1ecbnh T\u1eeb T\u1ea7ng Nh\u1eadn Th\u1ee9c Cao H\u01a1n<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c gi\u01a1 tay \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng gi\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1eeb \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n piano \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft thuy\u1ebft \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. Ch\u00fang ta d\u00f9ng logic, quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 suy lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh “nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o”.<\/p>\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng minh tri\u1ebft tu luy\u1ec7n c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c: “nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb trong ra”. H\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00e2m t\u00ednh v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, cho ph\u00e9p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 suy lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n

T\u1eeb t\u1ea7ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng minh tri\u1ebft tu luy\u1ec7n uy\u00ean th\u00e2m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta gi\u1ea3ng r\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, l\u00e0 “nh\u1ea5t t\u00ednh”. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i ch\u00fang “t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c” v\u1edbi nhau hay “\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng” l\u1eabn nhau nh\u01b0 hai th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. H\u1ecd n\u00f3i ch\u00fang ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t<\/em>. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i thi\u1ebfu nhau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y mang m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ra sau khi c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u0103ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn m\u1eaft ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i b\u0103ng tan ch\u1ea3y th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 suy lu\u1eadn, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n

L\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 “nh\u1ea5t t\u00ednh” n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh gh\u00e9p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 l\u00ean th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 \u1edf m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n

V\u1edbi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y trong tay \u2014 r\u1eb1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hai bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 \u2014 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf s\u00e2u xa h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, v\u1eady n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eb1ng sau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y? \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n\n

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B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cV\u0168 TR\u1ee4 B\u00caN NGO\u00c0I BIG BANG\u201d \u2013 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n

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